Summary

Acute HIV infection is associated with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and nonexudative pharyngitis. Between 40% to 90% of patients with HIV seroconversion are symptomatic but few are diagnosed with HIV at their initial presentation.
In 2011, an estimated 1.2 million Americans aged ≥13 years were living with HIV and approximately 14% of them were undiagnosed.
United States Preventative Services Task Force recommends HIV screening in adolescents and adults aged 15 to 65 years and in pregnant women. Younger adolescents and older adults who are at an increased risk of infection should also be screened. Consent for testing should be obtained using opt-out approaches.
There is no CD4+ T cell count at which antiretroviral therapy is contraindicated.
Recommended initial antiretroviral regimens include at least three different medications to suppress the virus.
Preexposure prophylaxis has been shown to reduce HIV transmission in HIV-negative individuals who are at risk of infection through sexual transmission.

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